Selegiline

Selegiline – Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease and Depression

What is Selegiline?
Selegiline is a prescription medication used to treat Parkinson’s disease and, in some cases, major depressive disorder (MDD).
It belongs to a class of medicines known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) — specifically, a selective MAO-B inhibitor at lower doses.

In Parkinson’s disease, Selegiline helps improve movement, stiffness, and balance. In depression, it can help elevate mood and energy levels when other treatments are not effective.

How Does Selegiline Work?
Selegiline works by blocking the action of the enzyme monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B). This enzyme normally breaks down dopamine, a key neurotransmitter that controls movement and mood.
By inhibiting MAO-B, Selegiline helps increase dopamine levels in the brain, improving motor function in Parkinson’s disease and enhancing mood in depressive disorders.

At higher doses, it can also affect serotonin and norepinephrine, contributing to antidepressant effects.

Who Should Not Use Selegiline?
Do not take Selegiline if you:

• Are allergic to selegiline or any of its ingredients.

• Are taking or have recently taken other MAOIs, SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, or opioid medications.

• Have severe liver disease, peptic ulcers, or pheochromocytoma.

• Are under 18 years old, unless prescribed by a specialist.

Consult your doctor before use if you have high blood pressure, heart disease, psychiatric disorders, or a history of seizures.

Possible Side Effects
Selegiline is generally well-tolerated, but it may cause some side effects. Common ones include:

• Nausea or stomach discomfort

• Dizziness or lightheadedness

• Insomnia

• Dry mouth

• Headache

• Increased involuntary movements (in Parkinson’s patients)

Serious but rare side effects may include severe headache, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, confusion, or hypertensive crisis (especially if dietary restrictions are not followed). Seek medical help immediately if these occur.

Important Dietary Precautions
At higher doses, Selegiline can lose its MAO-B selectivity and behave like a general MAOI. In such cases, you must avoid foods high in tyramine, as they can cause dangerous spikes in blood pressure.
Avoid:

• Mature cheeses

• Cured meats and fermented foods

• Soy products (e.g. soy sauce, tofu)

• Alcoholic drinks such as red wine and beer

Your doctor or pharmacist will guide you on whether dietary restrictions apply to your prescribed dose.

Precautions and Interactions
Before using Selegiline, inform your healthcare provider if you:

• Are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding

• Take antidepressants, cold or cough medicines, or stimulants

• Consume alcohol or caffeine frequently

Do not stop taking Selegiline suddenly without medical advice — your doctor will help reduce the dose gradually to prevent withdrawal or worsening symptoms.

Storage Instructions
Store Selegiline in a cool, dry place below 25°C, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
Keep out of reach of children.

Summary
Selegiline is a selective MAO-B inhibitor used to manage Parkinson’s disease and depression. By increasing dopamine levels in the brain, it helps improve movement and mood. When taken correctly and under supervision, it offers effective symptom control and improved quality of life.